生态智慧思想引导下的长春市总体城市设计自然山水格局构建

Natural Landscape Construction of Changchun’s Comprehensive City Design Guided by Ecological Wisdom Ideology

以空间资源的合理保护和有效利用为核心的空间规划体系的颁布实施,为城市设计未来的发展,特别是对原有以塑造特色为核心的自然山水格局构建提出了新要求。而具备生态性、自适应性和高可持续性的生态智慧思想正是满足新要求的关键所在。长春市早在20世纪30年代就进行了生态规划及生态实践探索,是罕有的较早运用生态规划及生态智慧思想建设的城市。对此长春市总体城市设计将生态智慧思想作为重点引入本次城市设计实践,从而为新时期空间规划体系下的自然山水格局构建提供新样本。本文通过解读新时期空间规划和总体城市设计对自然山水格局构建的新要求,基于生态智慧的特性解读,认知长春市生态智慧思想的萌芽与发展基础;以长春市总体城市设计自然山水格局构建为例,进行生态智慧思想引导的实践探索。从宏观、中观、微观三个层级探索趋利避害的自适应性原则、化害为利的地域生态原则、天人合一的自然和谐原则在城市自然山水格局构建过程中的体现,以实现空间规划、自然资源、生态安全和风貌特色的有机融合。以期为新时期空间规划体系三区三线的划定提供思考及依据,为总体城市设计研究实践提供思路及技术方法上的突破。

The implementation of the spatial planning system with the national protection and effective utilization of space resources as the core has put forward new requirements for the future development of urban design,especially for the planning and construction of natural landscape with characteristics.The ecological wisdom with ecology,adaptability and high sustainability is the key to the fulfillment of the new requirements.Changchun has carried out ecological planning and ecological practice exploration as early as 1930s.It is a rare example in early stage which applied ecological planning and ecological wisdom concepts to city construction.A comprehensive city design with the ecological wisdom as the pivot is introduced into Changchun..s city design in order to provide a new sample for the natural landscape structure in planning system in the new era.By interpreting the new requirements of spatial planning and urban design for the construction of natural landscape pattern in the new era,this paper analyzes the origin and development of Changchun's ecological wisdom concept from the perspective of characteristics interpretation of ecological wisdom.Under the guidance of ecological wisdom,this paper takes Changchun's overall urban design of natural landscape pattern construction as an example,and explores the adaptive principle of going after benefits and avoiding disadvantages from three levels.The principle of self.adaptability,the principle of regional ecology,the principle of harmony between man and nature are reflected in the process of urban natural landscape construction in order to realize the organic integration of spatial planning,natural resources,ecological security and features.It is expected to provide reflections and technical references for the spatial planning system and urban design in the new era.