网络言论自由边界的多维度思考

Multidimensional Thoughts on Boundary of Online Speech Freedom

大众广泛关注网络言论自由。随着网络的诞生,公民言论的自由表达在网络时代得到了多样化的发展,不再局限于“街头发言者”方式,但同时也在发展之中产生了网络暴力、网络谣言、外部因素干扰自由言论等一系列问题。本文从对言论自由的背景变化的讨论出发,总结了网络言论自由边界不清带来的问题,围绕“网络言论自由边界的多维度”这一主题,基于法律法规、政府干预、他人认知和言论内容等四个方面的分析框架,尝试分析了可能制约网络言论自由的多个要素,进而提出要立足于“法治——政治——德治——自治”这四个维度来界定网络言论自由边界,必须重视法律手段在网络言论治理中的应用,但也不可忽视政治、社会以及伦理的作用。

The freedom of online speech is widely concerned by the public.From the dawn of the Internet,netizen's speech freedom has been diversely developed in the Internet era,which is no longer confined to the"street speaker"pattern.Nevertheless,a series of problems have emerged with development,such as cyber violence,cyber rumors and external factors interfering with free speech.Starting from the discussion of the background evolution of speech freedom,this paper summarizes the problems caused by the unclear boundaries of online speech freedom.Focusing on the theme of"multi-dimensional boundaries of online speech freedom",and based on the analvtical framework of laws and regulations.government intervention and other people's cognition and speech content,this paper tries to analyze factors that may restrict online speech freedom.The paper thereby puts forward four dimensions that define the online speech freedom boundaries.namely"the rule of law,the rule of politics,the rule of morality,the rule of self-consciousness".".The lega methodology in the governance of online speech should be emphasized;meanwhile,the effect of the politics.the society and ethics should not be ignored.