城市突发公共卫生事件应急处置核心能力快速评估方法的研究和应用

Study and application on the rapid assessment method of city’s core capacity for public health emergency response

目的研究适用于评估城市突发公共卫生事件应急处置能力的方法,为完善突发事件应对措施和日常卫生应急准备提供针对性建议。方法采用“情景-任务-能力”分析方法,以模拟突发公共卫生事件场景为基础,以处置任务为导向,梳理事件处置所需核心目标能力。通过实际能力与目标能力的比较分析,评估城市处置各类突发公共卫生事件的卫生应急能力和改进重点。结果构建突发公共卫生事件应急处置任务通用框架,梳理传染病类突发公共卫生事件应急处置核心能力指标40项。结论经实例验证,评估方法可行,适用于不同地区开展不同类型的突发公共卫生事件处置能力的评估,对提升城市卫生应急管理水平有指导意义。

Objective To study the assessment method applicable to evaluate the city’s capacity of coping with public health emergencies in order to provide specific suggestions on emergency response and preparedness.Methods Scenario-mission-capability analysis was applied to assess a city’s capacity to respond to a specific public health emergency by simulating emergency scenarios,identifying tasks related to emergency management,determining core capabilities of each task and comparing actual situation with objectives.Results A general task framework about responding to public health emergencies was established,and 40 core disposal capabilities of infectious disease emergencies were identified.Conclusion By case testing,it shows that the assessment method is feasible and applicable to different types of public health emergencies in different regions,which has guiding significance for improving urban health emergency management.