中世纪思想与话语的积淀——论西欧穷人权利理论的形成

The Formation of the Rights of the Poor Theory in Western Europe: A Case Study of the Development of the Medieval Thought and Discourse

穷人权利是自然权利的衍生品,即穷人所具有的生存权、平等权以及反抗权。从西欧权利历史发展的脉络来看,穷人权利滥觞于基督教教义以及日耳曼人的习惯法,经过中世纪教会法学家的不断阐释,最终发展成为有关穷人的权利理论。中世纪的穷人权利理论为近代西方权利理论的产生,起到了思想和话语积淀作用。通过对有关穷人权利思想话语的考察,可以透视西欧历史发展的连续性以及内在的逻辑关系。

Derived from the natural right,the rights of the poor are referred to the rights of living,equality,and resistance of the poor people.In the historical context of Western Europe,the conception of the rights of the poor originated first from the Christian doctrine and the Germanic customary law.Through the continuous interpretation of the medieval canonist,eventually,the theory of the rights of the poor came into being.The Medieval rights of poor theory contributed to the formation of modern Western theory of rights.Studies about the rights of the poor theory may help to look into the continuity and inherent logic of the Western European historical development.