纵向非价格限制违法性认定的统一框架——基于经济分析的进路

Unified Framework for Illegality Recognition of Vertical Non-Price Restriction:An Approach Based on Economic Analysis

纵向非价格限制是指上游经营者基于商业的目的,要求或与下游经营者约定非价格交易条件的行为,典型表现为搭售、独家交易及地域及客户限制这四种类型。由于纵向非价格限制行为会对市场竞争的双重影响,运用合理原则展开对其的违法性认定成为执法难点。通过对搭售、独家交易及地域及客户限制的经济分析,归纳市场力量、封锁-排除市场的效果、是否促进垄断协议的形成、效率抗辩及意图—目的这五项共同的违法因素,并以此为基础构建纵向非价格限制行为的违法性认定统一框架,以为我国未来执法机关所参考。

Vertical non-price restriction refers to the behavior that upstream operators require or agree with downstream operators on the terms of non-price transactions for commercial purposes.There are four typical forms such as tying,exclusive trading,geographical and customer restrictions.Because the vertical non-price restriction will have double effects on market competition,it is difficult to identify its illegality by using reasonable principle.This paper summarizes five common illegal factors by economic analysis,including market power,blockade-exclusion effect, whether to promote the formation of monopoly agreements,efficiency defense and intent-purpose.On this basis,a unified framework for determining the illegality of vertical non-price restrictions is constructed,which can be used as a reference for future law enforcement agencies in China.