混凝土结构拆除技术与绿色化发展

Technology and Green Development of Demolition for Concrete Structures

阐述了传统人工、机械、爆破等拆除方法在混凝土结构拆除中的使用现状及所存在的不足,分析了相关技术绿色化发展对所处施工及周边环境影响,展望了智能拆除技术未来的发展趋势。通过改变正向与逆向2种拆除施工工艺顺序,使绿色拆除施工方法得到深入研究,同时找到混凝土结构拆除与资源化不同利用层次之间的相关联问题,展望绿色拆除与资源化技术紧密结合的前景,揭示有选择性和分类性等重要特征的绿色拆除能够显著地提高建筑固废资源化利用程度。结合某大桥匝道绿色拆除的典型实例,分别通过绿色拆除施工方法有效将该大桥两侧匝道完成同步下降和整体移位,最大程度满足施工目的同时,保证原有桥体结构部件完整性,有效达到节约资源的目的。最后探讨建筑绿色化拆除发展对于提高建筑固废资源化利用和建筑生命周期理论发展的意义。结果表明:通过建筑拆除与固废资源化2个阶段可以完善建筑生命周期理论,使其拓展成闭合的循环发展生命周期。

The current situation and shortcomings of traditional manual, mechanical, blasting and other demolition methods for concrete structures construction were described, as well as the impacts of the green development of related technologies on the construction and surrounding environments were analyzed, and the future development trend of intelligent demolition technology was prospected. By changing the order of construction process, the forward or reverse green demolition of construction method was studied further. The concrete structure demolition problems associated with resource between different levels were found, and the prospects for combining with the green dismantling and recycling technology were forecasted. And the fact that the green demolition with important characteristics of selectivity and classification could increase the utilization degree of building solid waste significantly was revealed. Combined with typical examples of bridge ramp that was green demolition constructed,related works were done on both sides of the bridge ramp to ensure the synchronous declining and the overall shifting. While satisfying the purpose of construction to the greatest extent, the integrity of the original bridge structure components was guaranteed, and this effectively achieved the objective of resource conservation. Finally, the significance of the development of green demolition for improving the utilization of solid waste in buildings and the development of theory of building life cycle were discussed. The results show that the theory of building life cycle can be improved through two stages of building demolition and solid waste recycling to develop into one closed cycle of life cycle.