小学教师专业能力的实证研究及提升策略

Empirical Research and Improvement Strategies of Primary School Teachers’ Professional Competence

基于《小学教师专业标准(试行)》对北京市部分地区小学教师的专业能力进行调查,结果显示:小学教师专业能力总体情况处于较高水平,教师教育教学设计、组织与实施、激励与评价、沟通与合作、反思与发展能力维度发展相对均衡。不同类别的小学教师专业能力存在显著差异,女教师的专业能力略胜于男教师,31~35岁教师的专业能力发展最快,正高级教师专业能力明显强于其他教师,学历越高教师专业能力越强,城、郊地区教师专业能力差异明显。同时,小学教师存在新教师的专业能力发展较弱、老教师的专业发展动力不足、基于实践的反思发展能力偏弱、与同事和家长的协作不足、评价视角单一、过程性评价重视不足等问题。建议树立反思与发展意识,抓住教师发展的关键期,建立育人共同体,形成协同合作的机制,深化评价理念及方法的学习,提高教师的评价能力。

Based on The Professional Standards for Primary School Teachers(Trial),the professional competence of primary school teachers in some areas of Beijing has been surveyed.The results show that the overall professional competence of primary school teachers is at a high level,teacher education design,organization and implementation,incentives and evaluation,communication and cooperation,reflection and the development capabilities is relatively balanced.There are significant differences in the professional abilities of different types of primary school teachers.The female teachers is slightly better than that of male teachers.Teachers aged from 31 to35 develops the fastest.And the senior teachers are obviously stronger than that of other teachers.The higher the academic qualifications,the stronger the professional competence of teachers,and the differences in professional competence of teachers in urban and suburban areas are obvious.At the same time,primary school teachers have current situation with weak development of new teachers’professional ability,lack of professional development motivation of old teachers,weak reflection development ability based on practice,insufficient cooperation with colleagues and parents,single evaluation perspective,and insufficient attention to process evaluation.It is recommended to establish a sense of reflection and development,seize the critical period of teacher development,establish a community of education,form a mechanism of synergy,deepen the study of evaluation concepts and methods,and improve teachers’evaluation ability.