农村教师队伍建设研究——基于河南省X县的调查

On the Construction of Rural Teachers Team——A Case Study of X County in Henan Province

农村教育问题的关键是教师。加强农村教师队伍建设是义务教育均衡发展的关键,关乎整个义务教育阶段基础教育的质量。近年来河南省农村教师队伍建设虽然取得了一定成就,但是从政策评估和现实的角度还不能适应义务教育均衡发展的需要。通过对河南省X县农村中小学教师队伍的实地调研,发现农村教师还存在数量不足且不均衡、流失严重、专业不对口、教师培训不到位、生活满意度不高、职称评审有难度等问题,各级政府要高度重视农村教师队伍建设、创新农村教师准入和补充机制、改善教师工资待遇、差异化落实乡村教师生活补贴政策、建立骨干教师交流机制、创新农村教师培训制度、制定合理的教师评价体系和职称晋升制度。

The key to rural education is teachers.Strengthening the construction of rural teacher team is the key to the balanced development of compulsory education,which is related to the quality of basic education in the whole compulsory education stage.In recent years,although the construction of rural teachers team in Henan has made some achievements,it can't meet the needs of balanced development of compulsory education from the perspective of policy evaluation and reality.This research is based on the field survey of rural primary and secondary school teachers in X County of Henan Province,found that there had been the problems in rural teacher team such as shortage and imbalance,serious drain,professional mismatch,insufficient teacher training,low satisfaction of life,the difficulty in title appraisal of rural teachers,and so on.It put forward that the governments must attach great importance to the rural teacher team construction,innovate the access and complementary mechanism of rural teacher,improve the teachers'salary,differentiate and carry out the rural teachers'living subsidy policy,establish the backbone teachers exchanging mechanism,renew the system of rural teacher training,set up the reasonable teacher evaluation system and title promotion system.