洪水泥石流等自然灾害对旅游景区的破坏作用研究

Damage of Natural Disasters such as Flood and Debris Flow to Tourist Scenic Spots

通过泥石流灾害模拟模型与灾害损失率计算方法了解旅游景区的损失状况,研究自然灾害对旅游景区的破坏作用。旅游景区洪灾模拟模型由分流模型与汇流模型构成,根据泥石流多相流成分中固液两相分离原则构建泥石流分流模型;引用DEM数据得到泥石流流域栅格的汇流方向,根据经验模型计算汇流用时,采用八方向方法获取河道信息,基于这些数据构建泥石流模拟的汇流模型,采用ArcGis软件实时呈现该模型的泥石流灾害模拟效果;结合ArcGis软件显示的灾情数据,采用洪灾损失率计算方法获取旅游景区自然灾害损失率。实验结果表明,该模型计算旅游景区建筑损失率误差均小于5%,在有效模拟泥石流灾害的同时,可准确描述自然灾害对旅游景区的破坏作用。

According to the simulation model of debris flow disaster and the calculation method of disaster loss rate, the loss situation of tourist attractions is understood, and the destructive effect of natural disasters on tourist attractions is studied.Flood disaster simulation model of tourist attractions is composed of diversion model and confluence model. According to the principle of solid-liquid two-phase separation in mud-rock flow multi-phase flow components, the diversion model of mud-rock flow is constructed.The confluence direction of grid in debris flow basin is obtained by using DEM data, and the channel information is obtained by using eight-direction method when confluence is calculated based on empirical model. Based on these data, the confluence model of debris flow simulation is constructed, and the effect of debris flow disaster simulation is real-time presented by ArcGis software. Combining with the disaster data displayed by ArcGis software, the loss rate of natural disasters in tourist attractions is calculated by flood loss rate method. The experimental results show that the errors of the proposed method in calculating the building loss rate of tourist attractions are less than 5%. While effectively simulating debris flow disasters, it can accurately describe the damage of natural disasters to tourist attractions.