同种异体原位肝移植的复杂肝动脉重建经验总结

Experience summary of complex hepatic artery reconstruction in orthotopic liver transplantation

目的总结同种异体原位肝移植术中复杂肝动脉重建的相关经验。方法回顾性分析2015年1月至2019年3月期间行复杂肝动脉重建的7例肝移植受者资料。其中4例经典肝移植,3例背驮式肝移植。观察受者术中的一般情况,包括无肝期、术中出血量、肝动脉吻合时间、手术时间;观察受者预后情况及并发症发生情况。结果 2例供者变异右肝动脉重建血管,分别用供者腹腔干或肝总动脉与受者肝总动脉吻合;2例用髂动脉搭桥,然后供者肝动脉与受者腹主动脉吻合;1例供者肠系膜上动脉与受者肝总动脉端端吻合;1例供者腹腔干与受者脾动脉吻合;仅1例因肝动脉吻合后出现急性肝动脉血栓,需再次行肝移植。6例肝移植受者均顺利完成手术,无围手术期死亡,无肝期49~77 min,术中出血量300~1 500 mL,肝动脉吻合时间23~56 min,手术时间5.3~11.1 h。术后住院时间23~56 d,均未出现肝动脉血栓、狭窄。所有受者术后2周内肝功能基本恢复正常,无严重外科并发症发生,移植肝均获得良好的功能。结论正确辨别肝动脉有否变异,选择适宜的方式处理供、受者肝动脉并重建新肝动脉血供,是肝移植术中的关键步骤。

Objective To summarize the experience of complex hepatic artery reconstruction in orthotopic liver transplantation. Methods Clinical data of 7 liver transplantation recipients who underwent complex hepatic artery reconstruction from January 2015 to March 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. Among them, 4 recipients received classical liver transplantation and 3 cases underwent piggyback liver transplantation. Intraoperative general conditions including anhepatic phase, intraoperative blood loss, hepatic artery anastomosis time and operation time of the recipients were recorded. The clinical prognosis and complications were observed. Results In two donors, variant right hepatic artery was used for vascular reconstruction. The celiac trunk or the common hepatic artery of the donors was anastomosed with the common hepatic artery of the recipients. Iliac artery bypass was employed in 2 cases, and then the hepatic artery of the donors was anastomosed with the abdominal aorta of the recipients. The superior mesenteric artery of 1 donor was end-toend anastomosed with the common hepatic artery of the recipient. The celiac trunk of 1 donor was anastomosed with the splenic artery of the recipient. Only 1 case was required to undergo secondary liver transplantation due to acute hepatic artery thrombosis after hepatic artery anastomosis. All the 6 recipients successfully completed the liver transplantation. No perioperative death was observed. The anhepatic phase endured from 49 to 77 min. The intraoperative blood loss was ranged from 300 to 1 500 mL. The anastomosis time of hepatic artery was 23-56 min. The operation time was ranged from 5.3 to 11.1 h. The length of postoperative hospital stay was 23-56 d. Neither hepatic artery thrombosis nor stenosis occurred. The liver function of all recipients was basically restored to normal within postoperative 2 weeks. No severe surgical complications occurred. The liver graft achieved excellent function. Conclusions Appropriate identification of the hepatic artery variation, proper management of liver artery of the donors and recipients and reconstructing the blood supply of liver graft are the crucial procedures of liver transplantation.