人工智能影响知识工人劳动过程的个案研究

How does AI Affect Labor Process of Knowledge Workers——A Case Study on Electronics Engineers

本文基于个案研究对某公司及其业务外包公司电子研发工程师的劳动过程进行分析。研究发现,与经典劳动过程理论中观察到的大机器工厂工人劳动过程的特征不同,人工智能对知识工人的影响不仅仅是"去技能化",更在于"技术空心化",即核心科学技术和探索科学本质的精神从专业技术中的抽离,以及技术从深到广的变化,这导致知识工人的组织结构分化,工作自主性变化以及职业精神丧失。此外,由于人工智能技术隔离,我国知识工人还承受着发达国家资本的间接剥夺。

Based on the theory of labor process, this paper analyses the labor process of electronics engineers in S Company with a case study. Based on research, different from the characteristics of workers’ working process in big machine factories that can be observed in classic labor process theories, AI affects knowledge workers not only in de-skilling but also in skill hollowing, which means the separation of core science and technology together with the spirit to explore science essence away from professional skills;it also affects the change of skills from deepening to expanding, which together will lead to the differentiation of organization structure of knowledge workers, changes of work autonomy and the loss of occupational spirit. Moreover, owing to AI technique separation, knowledge workers in our country also bear indirect capital exploitation from advanced countries.