考虑充电约束的电动公交区域行车计划编制

Electric Bus Area Driving Plan Preparation Considering Charging Constraints

随着燃油车辆对环境污染的日益加剧以及公共交通对乘车舒适性的愈加重视,电动车辆以其低污染、高舒适性等优良特性被广泛使用.然而因其续航里程及充电需求的约束,其行车计划制定更为复杂.本研究在多场站区域调度模式的前提下,充分考虑充电任务的发生和执行,以电动公交车辆及其配套设施在内的总固定成本和总运营成本之和为优化目标,建立了电动公交区域行车计划编制模型,并基于遗传算法和贪婪算法设计出复合求解算法对模型进行求解.以北京市大兴区部分线路运营为例验证模型效果,并与传统公交行车计划编制方法进行对比,结果表明,总运营成本降低18.20%.

Electric vehicles are widely used for their excellent characteristics such as low pollution and high comfort with the increasing environmental pollution of fuel vehicles and the increasing emphasis on passenger comfort by public transportation. However,due to the limitation of cruising range and charging demand, electric vehicles driving plan is rather complicated. Under the premise of multi-station regional scheduling mode, this study fully considered the occurrence and execution of charging tasks, and the optimization of total fixed cost and total opera- ting cost including electric bus and its supporting facilities. The regional driving plan was modeled, and a compound solving algorithm was designed based on genetic algorithm and greedy algorithm to solve the model. Finally, the ope- ration plan model was verified by taking some line operations in Daxing District of Beijing as an example, and compared with the traditional bus planning method. The results show that the total operating cost is reduced by 18.20%.