骨盆脆性骨折的微创治疗进展

Progress of minimally invasive treatment about fragility fractures of pelvis

由于人口老龄化加速,骨盆脆性骨折的发病率逐年上升,已成为影响老年人生活质量的公共问题。为更好地进行活动和避免卧床并发症,手术治疗已成为常规的治疗方式。近年来,骨盆微创治疗技术取得了长足进步,包括经皮骶椎成形术,经皮骶髂螺钉内固定术,骶髂螺钉骨水泥强化技术,经皮髂骨钉内固定术、经皮骶骨接骨术和腰椎固定术等。微创稳定技术已经成为骨盆脆性骨折手术治疗的趋势,可以有效缓解传统手术方式创伤大和老年人手术耐受力差两大问题,但微创稳定技术仍需要更多的临床经验去完善,也期待更多新的辅助技术出现,使得骨盆脆性骨折的微创治疗更加成熟。

With the serious aging of the population,the incidence of fragility fractures of the pelvis(FFPs) has gradually increased,which has become a public problem affecting the living quality of the elderly. When a surgical treatment is chosen,the procedure should be as minimal invasive as possible and avoid all surgical complications. In recent years,different techniques for percutaneous or less invasive fixation of the posterior pelvic ring have been developed. Their advantages and limitations are presented:sacroplasty,iliosacral screw osteosynthesis,cement augmentation,transiliac internal fixation,transsacral osteosynthesis,lumbopelvic fixation. The purpose of this paper is to review the classification and minimally invasive treatment of FFP.