语气副词“倒”的语义演变

The Shift of Meaning of Modal Adverbs "Dao"

从历史角度来看,语气副词“倒”经历了由实词到虚词的语法化过程,其最早为表“颠倒”义的及物动词,由于经常出现在连动式结构前一个动词的位置上而丧失了及物性特征,逐渐演变为表示后一动作行为的“反向性”,进而语法化为表转折的语气副词;从共时角度来看,在表转折的复句中,由于参照项的隐含,“倒”转指其后成分程度高或数量大,逐渐演变为表强调的语气副词。

From a diachronic perspective, there was the process of the grammaticalizition of modal aderb vernment;multilevel governan, meaning overturn, It was on first position in verbal style,and gradually losedtransitivity,expressing an action of direction (opposite direction), Finally it grammaticalized modal adverb. Because of the implication of reference item,"Dao" meanes the degree and quantity of later component in transitional sentence, and becoming a modal aderb from a synchronic perspective.