尾流事故机理安全性分析

Safety Analysis on Mechanism of Wake Accident

随着航空业发展,飞机尾流造成的安全问题不容小觑。对近几年国内外因飞机遭遇尾流而造成的重大事故及事故原因进行汇总分析,采用故障树方法确定导致尾流事故发生的主要因素、次要因素。建立尾流消散模型,以某重大尾流事件为例,对尾流强度、尾流消散时间等尾流参数进行定量计算,绘制出该事件故障树,并对其最小割集、结构重要度等进行定性分析。研究论证了适宜的尾流间隔以及管制员的行为对于飞机飞行安全的重要性,为日后尾流事故预防提供理论基础,并提出相应提高安全水平的建议。

With the development of the aviation,the safety problems caused by the wake vortex of the aircraft should not be underestimated.Through the summary analysis of the major domestic and foreign accidents caused by the wake vortex in recent years,the main factors and secondary factors which caused the accidents can be determined by the fault tree analysis method.Taking a typical wake event as an example,the wake dissipation model is established to quantitatively calculate the wake intensity,wake dissipation time,and qualitative analysis of its minimum cut set and structural importance is carried out.The study demonstrates the importance of appropriate wake vortex separation and the behavior of ATC and provides a theoretical basis for future wake accident prevention.Then,proposal is proposed to improve the safety management level.