基于小生境遗传算法的生态景观格局空间结构优化

Spatial structure optimization of ecological landscape pattern based on niche genetic algorithm

为了提高传统建筑景观的直观性,提高居民的满意度,并且实现绿色环保的设计,提出基于小生境遗传算法的生态景观格局空间结构优化,优化目的主要包括建筑成本、绿化带等公共设备。对景观格局优化的目标进行分析,主要包括提高生物多样性、维持能量、物质的流通、维持景观格局的稳定性、提高生活环境品质;实现景观规划的优化,包括确定生态廊道、不同高度城市风速模拟、不同高度城市温度场空间扩散模拟;实现基于小生境遗传算法的优化,并且对优化结果进行测试。测试结果表明,人们对于大部分建筑景观评价因子都表示比较满意,说明人们对景观优化之后的空间布局认可,证明所提算法能够优化建筑景观空间,提高居民满意度。

In order to improve the intuitiveness of traditional architectural landscape,enhance the satisfaction of residents, and realize the design of green environmental protection, the objectives of landscape pattern optimization are analyzed, including improvement of biodiversity, maintenance of energy and material circulation, maintenance of landscape pattern stability, and improvement of living environment quality. After that, the optimization of landscape planning is realized, including determination of ecological corridors, simulation of urban wind speed at different heights, and spatial diffusion simulation of urban temperature field at different heights. And then the optimization of the niche genetic algorithm is realized, and the optimization result is tested. The test result,that the people's satisfaction for most of the building landscape evaluation factors is expressed,shows that the space layout of the landscape optimization is accepted,so the proposed algorithm can optimize the building landscape space and improve the residents′ satisfaction degree.