海洋动物多肽的提取分离方法研究进展

Research Advances of Extraction and Separation of Polypeptides from Marine Animals

多肽是由α-氨基酸以肽键连接而成的化合物。近年来的研究表明,生物活性多肽具有降血压、抗凝、抗菌、抗氧化及提高免疫力等功效。海洋动物为人类提供了许多结构新颖、功能特殊的活性多肽,而海洋动物多肽的研究和开发得益于不断发展的分离提取技术。对海洋动物多肽的提取分离方法进行综述,包括溶剂提取法、酶解法、超声波提取方法、超临界萃取、膜分离方法、色谱等分离方法以及这些方法在海洋生物肽类研究中的应用现状,旨为进一步研究海洋动物多肽提供参考。

Polypeptides are compounds in which α-amino acids are linked by peptide bonds. In recent years,researches have shown that biologically active peptides have numerous functions,such as lowering blood pressure,anticoagulant,antibacterial,antioxidation,and improving immunity. Marine animals provide many novel peptides with novel structures and special functions for human beings. However,the research and development of marine animal peptides benefit from the continuous development of separation and extraction technologies. The separation and extraction methods,including solvent extraction,enzymatic hydrolysis and ultrasonic extraction,supercritical extraction,membrane separation methods,chromatography and other separation methods as well as the application status of these methods in peptide research were summarized,in order to further study the polypeptide of marine animal and provide the reference.