外耳道炎患者健康知识、态度和实践的横断面研究

Cross-sectional survey on the knowledge, attitude and practice in the otitis externa patients

目的描述外耳道炎患者健康知识、态度和实践的横断面研究,并分析其影响因素。方法纳入2017年门诊符合条件的526例外耳道炎患者为研究对象,采用一般资料调查表、外耳道健康知识、态度和实践调查表进行问卷调查。结果 526例外耳道炎患者中,184例首次确诊外耳道炎(34.90%),342例患者发生次数≥2次(65.10%)。不同性别、挖耳习惯、清洁外耳道方式、外耳道进水处理比较,差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.05)。多因素分析显示,性别、清洁外耳道方式为外耳道炎复发的影响因素。结论性别和清洁外耳道方式是外耳道炎复发的影响因素,门诊护理人员应该加强外耳道健康知识宣教。

Objective To explore the level of knowledge, attitude and practice in the otitis externa patients, and to analyze the influencing factors on otitis externa patients. Methods Cross-sectional survey was conducted. Otitis externa patients(n=526) were surveyed by questionnaires in 2017. The questionnaire included demographic data and knowledge, attitude and practice in cleaning the external auditory canal of the otitis externa patients. Results Among 526 otitis externa patients, there were 184 patients(34.90%) who were diagnosed as otitis externa for the first time, and there were 342 patients(65.10%)who were diagnosed for more than two times. Correlational analysis showed that gender, earpick habit, the way of cleaning external auditory canal,the way to deal with water in the ear were significantly related to the recurrent otitis externa. Logistic regression analysis showed that gender(χ2=9.527,P=0.002)and the way of cleaning external auditory canal(χ2=9.490,P=0.002)had significantly different influence on the recurrent of otitis externa. Conclusions Gender and the way of cleaning external auditory canal are the two factors influencing the recurrence of otitis externa. Education about the knowledge of cleaning the external auditory canal should be reinforced in the clinic.