少数民族继承习惯对《民法典》继承法编的启示

The Enlightenment of Minority Inheritance Custom to the Inheritance Law of Civil Code

通过研究藏族、维吾尔族、彝族、回族、壮族、苗族等少数民族的继承习惯,发现每个少数民族关于继承方面的规定都有其本民族特有的习惯特征,且该习惯在一定程度上与我国现行《继承法》的相关规定存在冲突。通过分析二者之间的冲突,即文化思想方面、法定继承人顺序以及继承份额方面的冲突,提出对制定《民法典》继承法编的启示,一是尊重民族习俗,建立少数民族“继承习惯法”的审查制度;二是注重民族自治法规的变通及补充立法;三是法定继承人顺序的适当调整;四是构建遗产管理人与遗产破产制度。

Through studying the inheritance habits of Tibetan,Uygur,yi,hui,zhuang,miao and other ethnic minorities,it is found that each ethnic minority has its own custom characteristics in terms of inheritance,and this habit is in conflict with the relevant provisions of China's current inheritance law to some extent.Based on the analysis of the conflicts between the two,that is,the cultural and ideological conflicts,the legal succession order and the inheritance share,the enlightenment to the formulation of the succession code of the civil code is proposed.Second,pay attention to the national autonomy regulations and supplementary legislation;Third,the proper adjustment of the order of legal successors;the fourth is to construct the estate administrator and the estate bankruptcy system.