动态加权与区间二元语义结合的FMEA方法

FMEA Integrated with Dynamic Weighting and Interval 2-Tuple Linguistic Information

目的故障模式及影响分析(Failure Mode and Effects Analysis,FMEA)是一种被广泛用于识别和消除故障风险,提高系统安全性、可靠性的风险管理技术。本文目的为克服传统FMEA方法存在的风险难以精确评估、未考虑FMEA成员和风险因子的相对重要性、RPN计算方法缺乏数学依据等固有缺点。方法考虑FMEA成员专业知识、行业背景、风险认知等差异,本文提出动态加权与区间二元语义结合的方法对FMEA进行改进。基于决策信息计算动态权值,表征FMEA成员关于不同故障模式在不同风险因子上的评估对最终结果的重要性,同时利用区间二元语义可以有效处理FMEA成员不同粒度的自然语言形式的评估信息的优点,以综合加权区间二元语义距离对故障模式进行风险排序。结果通过C型臂X光机风险分析案例,证明了新FMEA方法的有效性、可行性。结论动态加权与区间二元语义结合的FMEA方法允许多粒度语言进行风险评估,同时动态地考虑了FMEA成员的相对重要性,更符合实际情况,有效克服传统FMEA方法存在的不足。

Objective Failure mode and effects analysis(FMEA) is a risk management technology that is widely used to identify and eliminate fault risks to improve system security and reliability. The aim of the present paper was to overcome the inherent limitations of conventional FMEA method such as imprecise risk evaluation, the relative importance of FMEA members or risk factors, and questionable RPN computation. Methods Considering the differences in professional knowledge, industry background and risk perception among FMEA members, this paper proposed a method to combine the dynamic weighting with the interval 2-tuple linguistic information to improve the FMEA. The dynamic weightings were calculated based on the decision information, which characterized the importance of the evaluation of various failure modes on different risk factors by FMEA members to the final result. At the same time, the interval 2-tuple variables could effectively process the assessment of natural language forms of different granularities of FMEA members. The interval 2-tuple variables could efficiently deal with the assessment of multigranularity linguistic term sets used by FMEA members, and the risk priority numbers were assigned using interval 2-tuple hybrid weighted distance. Results A case assesses the risk of C-arm X-ray process was provided to demonstrate the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed approach. Conclusion The proposed method allows multigranularity language for risk assessment, and dynamically considers the relative importance of FMEA members, which is more in line with the actual situation and effectively overcomes the shortcomings of the traditional FMEA method.