山东地区2016-2018年呼吸道相关病原体感染情况调查

Epidemiologic analysis of respiratory tract related pathogen infection in Shandong from 2016 to 2018

目的分析研究2016年1月至2018年6月山东地区呼吸道相关病原体核酸阳性率情况。方法收集2016年1月至2018年6月于山东大学附属省立医院就诊的2 980例急性呼吸道感染患者,采用荧光定量PCR的方法检测呼吸道相关病原体腺病毒(ADV)、鼻病毒(HRV)、A型流感病毒(IVA)、B型流感病毒(IVB)、副流感病毒(PIV)、呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)核酸阳性率,统计分析不同年龄和季节呼吸道相关病原体核酸阳性率情况。结果在2 980例急性呼吸道感染患者中,呼吸道相关病原体阳性总数为1 261例,总阳性率为42.32%。呼吸道相关病原体中ADV-DNA阳性率为4.03%(120/2 980),HRV-RNA阳性率为17.35%(517/2 980),IVA-RNA阳性率为3.26%(97/2 980),IVB-RNA阳性率为2.15%(64/2 980),PIV-RNA阳性率为8.26%(246/2 980),RSV-RNA阳性率为7.28%(217/2 980)。不同年龄段ADV-DNA、HRV-RNA、IVARNA、IVB-RNA、PIV-RNA、RSV-RNA阳性率比较,差异具有统计学意义(χ2分别为31.848、24.146、18.763、20.737、103.197、80.437,P<0.05)。四季呼吸道相关病原体核酸阳性率情况比较后发现,秋季ADV-DNA阳性率明显低于其他季节;HRV-RNA阳性率夏季高于其他季节;冬季IVA-RNA阳性率明显高于其他季节;春、冬两季IVB-RNA阳性率高于其他2个季节;春、夏两季PIV-RNA阳性率高于秋、冬两季;秋、冬两季RSVRNA阳性率高于春、夏两季。结论通过分析2016-2018年度山东地区呼吸道相关病原体核酸阳性率在不同年龄、季节的特点及呼吸道感染病原体组成情况及流行病学特征,为急性呼吸道感染的早期预防和临床治疗提供参考依据。

Objective To analyze and study the nucleic acid positive rate of respiratory tract related pathogens in shandong provincial from January 2016 to June 2018.Methods 2 980 cases of acute respiratory tract infection were collected from January 2016 to June 2018 in Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University.The positive rate of adenovirus(ADV),rhinovirus(HRV),influenza A virus(IVA),influenza B virus(IVB),parainfluenza virus(PIV),respiratory syncytial virus(RSV)nucleic acid was detected by fluorescence quantitative PCR The positive rates of respiratory tract pathogens at different ages and seasons were analyzed.Results Among the 2 980 patients with acute respiratory tract infection,the total number of positive respiratory tract pathogens was 1 261,with a positive rate of 42.32%.The positive rate of ADVDNA was 4.03%(120/2 980),the positive rate of HRV-RNA was 17.35%(517/2 980),the positive rate of IVA-RNA was 3.26%(97/2 980),the positive rate of IVB-RNA was 2.15%(64/2 980),the positive rate of PIV-RNA was 8.26%(246/2 980),and the positive rate of RSV-RNA was 7.28%(217/2 980).The positive rates of ADV-DNA,HRV-RNA,IVA-RNA,IVB-RNA,PIV-RNA and RSV-RNA in different ages were statistically significant(χ2 was 31.848,24.146,18.763,20.737,103.197,80.437,respectively,P<0.05).The positive rate of infection of ADV-DNA in autumn was significantly lower than that of the other seasons.The positive rate of HRV-RNA in summer was higher than that in other seasons.The positive rate of IVARNA was significantly higher in winter than in the other seasons.The positive rate of IVB-RNA infection in spring and winter was higher than that in other two seasons.The positive rate of PIV-RNA infection in spring and summer was higher than that in autumn and winter.The positive rate of RSV-RNA infection in autumn and winter was higher than that in spring and summer.Conclusion By comparing the characteristics of nucleic acid positive rate of airway related pathogens in different age groups and seasons in shandong region in 2016-2018,the composition of pathogens and epidemiological features of respiratory tract infection were discussed,providing reference basis for the early prevention and clinical treatment of acute respiratory tract infection.