骨髓细胞形态学诊断检查质量及控制措施的分析

Analysis of Quality and Control Measures of Bone Marrow Cell Morphology Diagnosis

目的分析骨髓细胞形态学诊断检查质量的控制模式。方法方便选取该院2016年的56例与2017年的56例,共计112例骨髓细胞形态学诊断检查结果。2016年的方法为传统骨髓细胞形态学诊断检查方案,2017年针对传统的质量控制措施进行了逐渐完善。在检验前明确了人员与设施的质量要求,规范各个环节的操作;检验中针对涂片、细胞化学、分子生物学信息进行整合研究;检验后强化临床科室的交流,建立复核制度与标本保存制度。然后比较这两年的诊断检查质量结果,分析影响检查的各种因素与质量控制方案。结果该次研究结果表明,在2016年的56例骨髓细胞形态学诊断检查中,其准确例数为46例,准确率为82.1%;在2017年的56例骨髓细胞形态学诊断检查中,准确例数上升为54例,准确率达到了96.4%,说明在2017年的诊断检查质量与控制方法上要明显优于2016年,数据差异有统计学意义(χ^2=4.650,P<0.05)。结论骨髓细胞形态学诊断检查质量控制方案需要从检验前、检验中与检验后3个方面进行控制,重视其与临床医学之间的联系,减少分析误差,提升检测结果的精确。

Objective To analyze the control mode of the quality of bone marrow cell morphology diagnosis. Methods A total of 112 cases of bone marrow cell morphology diagnosis were performed in 56 cases in this hospital in 2016 and 56 cases in 2017,who were conveiently selected. The method in 2016 was a traditional bone marrow cell morphology diagnostic examination program. In 2017, the traditional quality control measures were gradually improved. Before the inspection, the quality requirements of personnel and facilities were clarified, and the operation of each link was standardized;the integration of smear, cytochemistry and molecular biology information was carried out in the test;the exchange of clinical departments was strengthened after the test, and the review system and specimen preservation system were established. Then compare the quality results of the diagnostic tests in the past two years, and analyze the various factors affecting the inspection and the quality control plan. Results The results of this study showed that in 2016, 56 cases of bone marrow cell morphology diagnosis, the accuracy of the number of cases was 46 cases, the accuracy rate was 82.1%;in 2017, 56 cases of bone marrow cell morphology diagnosis, accurate number of cases increased to 54 cases, and the accuracy rate reached 96.4%, indicating that the quality and control method of diagnostic tests in 2017 should be significantly better than 2016, and the data difference was statistically significant (χ^2=4.650,P<0.05). Conclusion The quality control program for bone marrow cell morphology diagnosis needs to be controlled from three aspects: pre-test, test and post-test, pay attention to its connection with clinical medicine, reduce analysis error and improve the accuracy of test results.