使用酒精所致的精神和行为障碍患者封闭式戒酒的心理护理分析

Psychological Nursing Analysis of Closed Alcoholism in Patients with Mental and Behavioral Disorders Caused by Alcohol

目的分析研究使用酒精所致的精神和行为障碍患者进行封闭式戒酒的心理护理措施分析。方法方便选取2017年8月—2018年8月期间该院收治因酒精导致精神和行为障碍并行封闭式戒酒治疗的患者96例,将愿意接受常规护理的48例设为参照组,将给予综合心理支持干预的48例设为研究组,对两组患者的临床护理结果进行对比分析。结果护理后,研究组患者的HAMD评分(t=5.4801)、SDS评分(t=4.4770)两项均明显低于参照组(P<0.05);研究组患者的住院时间(32.64±4.12)d明显少于参照组的(46.36±5.43)d,(t=12.7305,P<0.05);研究组患者戒酒半年后的复饮发生率为4.16%,参照组为20.83%,研究组患者的半年复饮率明显低于参照组差异有统计学意义(χ^2=4.0021,P<0.05)。结论对于酒精导致的精神和行为障碍患者在实施封闭式戒酒治疗期间采用科学、有效的心理护理干预可有效缓解患者的负性心理,降低复饮发生率,减少住的院时间,且护理满意较为理想,值得在临床上积极推广运用。

Objective To analyze the psychological nursing measures of closed-type alcohol withdrawal in patients with mental and behavioral disorders caused by alcohol. Methods From August 2017 to August 2018, 96 patients with mental and behavioral disorders and closed-end alcohol withdrawal due to alcohol were convenient enrolled in our hospital. 48 patients who were willing to receive routine care were regarded as the reference group and 48 cases with comprehensive psychological support intervention were set as the study group, and the clinical nursing results of the two groups were compared and analyzed. Results After nursing, the HAMD scores (t=5.480 1) and SDS scores (t=4.477 0) were significantly lower in the study group than in the reference group(P<0.05). The hospitalization time of the study group was significantly higher(32.64±4.12)d, less than the reference group (46.36±5.43)d(t=12.730 5, P<0.05);the study group patients had a re-occupation rate of 4.16% after half a year of alcohol withdrawal, the reference group was 20.83%, and the study group patients had a half-year relapse rate, significantly lower than the reference group(χ^2=4.002 1, P<0.05). Conclusion The use of scientific and effective psychological nursing interventions in the treatment of patients with mental and behavioral disorders caused by alcohol can effectively alleviate the negative psychology of patients, reduce the incidence of relapse, reduce the hospitalization time, and care satisfaction is ideal and it is worthy of active promotion in clinical practice.