俄罗斯在东北亚大国博弈中的战略平衡作用论析

The Role of Russia in the Strategic Balancing between Great Power in the Northeast Asian Great Powers

俄罗斯的大部分领土位于亚洲,但战略重心位于欧洲。俄罗斯有过谋求东北亚主导权的时期,也有过在东北亚被边缘化的时期。历史经验表明,发挥好在东北亚大国博弈中的战略平衡作用对俄罗斯而言是最佳选择。俄罗斯在20世纪90年代中期重回发挥东北亚战略平衡作用的轨道,通过远东开发、强化远东军事力量和开发北极航道等举措提升在东北亚的实力,同时强化外交运筹能力,采取了联合中国、稳定朝鲜半岛、制衡美国、分化美国东北亚同盟体系的策略,从而有效巩固其在东北亚的地位,获取了巨大的安全与经济利益,并使东北亚的战略格局趋向均衡,安全治理体系更加完善,经济一体化进程得到强化。

Most of Russian territory is in Asia,but its strategic focus is on Europe.Russia has had a period of seeking dominance in Northeast Asia,as well as a period of being marginalized in the region.The historical experience shows that it is the best choice for Russia to play a strategical balancing role in the game of great powers in Northeast Asia.Russia returned to the track of strategic balance in Northeast Asia in the mid-1990 s.Through the great development of the far East,Russia has strengthened its military power in the Far East and developed the Arctic waterways in order to expand its influence in the region.It has also strengthened its diplomatic operation ability by adopting the strategy of uniting China,play a stabilizing role in the Korean Peninsula,balancing the role United States and dividing the Northeast Asia alliance system of U.S.,thus effectively consolidating its political position in Northeast Asia.Russia has gained great security and economic benefits.Its strategic pattern of Northeast Asia has tended to be more balanced,and its mechanism of national security and its economic integration have been also strengthened.