新疆玉米机械收获籽粒含水率与相关性状的关系

Relationship between Grain Moisture Content and Characters Relevant to Maize Mechanical Harvesting in Xinjiang

采用大田试验,在新疆昌吉以18个玉米品种为材料收获5次,在新疆奇台以5个玉米品种为材料收获4次,分析籽粒含水率、品种及地区差异对玉米机械收获质量的影响。结果表明:两地籽粒破碎率和杂质率均与籽粒含水率呈极显著正相关关系,其中,含水率与破碎率符合二次曲线关系,与杂质率符合指数关系。昌吉和奇台各次收获满足损失率国家标准≤5%的样本量分别占总样本量的90.0%和87.5%,满足杂质率国家标准≤3%的样本量分别占总样本量的80.7%和87.5%,表明损失率和杂质率不是限制两地玉米机械粒收发展的主要因素。昌吉和奇台适宜机械粒收的籽粒含水率分别为15.4%~20.0%与12.3%~23.5%。

The effects of grain moisture content,varieties and regional on mechanical harvested maize grain quality(broken rate,impurity rate,grain loss rate and ear loss rate and loss rate)were studied.18 maize varieties were harvested 5 times in Changji,and 5 maize varieties were harvested 4 times in Qitai,Xinjiang in field experiment.The results show that the grain broken rate and impurity rate were significantly positively correlated with grain moisture content.The grain broken rate was stimulated by a quadratic curve of grain moisture content,and the impurity rate stimulated by exponential curve of grain moisture content.According to national standards,the sample quantity of the loss rate ≤ 5 % was 90.0 % and 87.5 % respectively,and samples quantity of impurity rate ≤3% was 80.7% and 87.5% respectively,the loss rate and impurity rate were not the main factors that restricted the development of mechanical harvest maize grain quality in Changji and Qitai.The appropriate grain moisture content for mechanical harvest was 15.4%-20.0% in Changji and 12.3%-23.5% in Qitai.