深海水道储层构型及其对同沉积构造响应机理的研究现状与展望

Research status and prospect of deep sea channel reservoir architecture and its response mechanism to synsedimentary structure

近期研究表明,深海水道沉积构型对同沉积构造的响应机制研究已成为当前地质学领域关注的热点问题。同沉积断层生长/褶皱及盐岩(泥岩)塑性活动对深海水道的流动路径、侵蚀能力、几何形态及储层构型样式均具有重要的控制作用。与同沉积构造有关的水道是深海油气藏勘探的主要目标,其内部储层结构复杂多变、非均质性强,这大大增加了该类油气藏的开发难度,弄清深海水道储层构型对同沉积构造的响应机理是解决开发问题的关键理论基础,而当前相关研究十分薄弱。本文以深海水道储层构型及其对同沉积构造的响应机理为主线,结合笔者十年来从事深海油气田开发地质研究的认识,系统梳理了全球水道体系、复合水道和单一水道储层构型研究现状,重点探讨了水道流动路径、叠置样式和内部充填物对同沉积构造响应机理的研究进展,认为深海水道流动路径、构型样式和内部储集相对同沉积构造的响应机理,是今后深海水道储层构型控制机理的重点理论研究方向之一。

Recent studies show that the response mechanism of deep sea channel architecture to the synsedimentary structure has become a hot study topic in the field of geology. The synsedimentary fault growth/fold and salt(mudstone/magma) diapirism control the flow path, erosional capacity, geometry and reservoir architecture of deep sea channels. The channel related to the synsedimentary structure is the main target of deep sea oil and gas reservoir exploration. However, the complexity and high heterogeneity of these deep sea channel reservoirs pose a great difficulty in developing and producing such reservoirs. Therefore, a better understanding of the response mechanism of the deep sea channel reservoir architecture to the synsedimentary structure is the key theoretical basis to promote the oil and gas development. However, few literatures in this field are published. Taking the deep sea channel reservoir architecture and its response mechanism to the synsedimentary structure as the main line, this paper, based on author’s understanding from ten years of experience in geology study for deep sea oil and gas field development, systematically summarizes the research status of reservoir architectures of the global channel system, channel complex and single channel, and discusses the research progress on the response mechanism of the flow path, superimposed style and internal fillings of the channel to the synsedimentary structure. It is believed that the response mechanism of the deep sea channel flow path, architecture style and internal reservoir facies to the synsedimentary structure would be one of key theoretical research areas relating to the control mechanism of deep sea channel reservoir architecture in the future.