试论民间面花艺术中的图腾崇拜

Totem Worship in Folk Dough Sculptures

图腾崇拜源自于远古人类万物有灵的泛灵论。它实质上是原始的自然崇拜和祖先崇拜的结合的产物,是人类最古老的宗教观念之一。图腾就是对祖先的一种转移式体认,从动植物中寻找缘亲。而面花作为先发性的民间艺术,遗存着大量的诸如生殖崇拜、巫术、原始宗教的文化内涵。其中,图腾崇拜的影子也非常明显。它是人类远古记忆的符号凝结,是人类文化的活化石。

Originating from the ancient animism, totem worship, in essence, is the combination of primitive nature worship and ancestor worship. As one of tlie oldest religious concepts of human beings, totem transfer recognition from ancestors to animals and plants. As a piiinitive folk art, dough sculptures have a large number of cultural connotations, such as reproductive worship, witchcraft, primitive religions and totem worship. Folk dough sculptures are the symbols of ancient memory and the living fossil of human culture.