抑郁对青少年手机成瘾的影响:孤独感的中介作用

Effect of depression on adolescent mobile phone addiction: mediating role of loneliness

目的探讨孤独感在抑郁与青少年手机成瘾关系中的中介作用。方法采用手机成瘾指数量表(mobile phone addiction index scale,MPAI)、孤独感量表[University of California,Los Angeles(UCLA)loneliness scale]及自评抑郁量表(self-rating depression scale,SDS),通过问卷调查法对1 707名青少年(其中初、高中生792名,大学生886名,29名未填写年级)进行调查研究。结果①青少年MAPI均分在性别和年级水平上均没有差异,其中手机成瘾者在失控性和逃避性维度得分较高,失控性维度在性别及年龄维度上均存在显著差异,戒断性、低效性和逃避性都只在年级上差异显著。②性别在手机成瘾中的逃避性维度上存有主效应,而年级在逃避性、失控性、戒断性、低效性四维度上均有主效应,且性别与年级在失控性维度上存在交互作用。③孤独感、抑郁和手机成瘾三者两两呈显著正相关。④孤独感在抑郁和手机成瘾的关系中起中介作用,中介效应占总效应的28.7%。结论孤独感和抑郁是影响青少年手机成瘾的重要因素,应给与青少年更多的关爱与支持,降低青少年孤独感体验及抑郁倾向,以避免青少年对手机产生依赖进而成瘾,危害身心健康。

Objective To explore the mediating role of loneliness in the relationship between depression and adolescent mobile phone addiction.Methods The mobile phone addiction index scale(MPAI),University of California,Los Angeles(UCLA)loneliness scale,and self-rating depression scale(SDS)were used in a questionnaire survey of 1 707 adolescents(792 junior middle and high school students,886 college students,and 29 not mentioned grades).Results①There was no difference in the gender homogenization and grade level of adolescents mobile phone addiction.Mobile phone addicts scored higher in the out-of-control and avoidance dimensions,and the out-of dimensions were significantly different in gender and age.Abstinence,inefficiency,and evasion dimensions were only significantly different in grade.②Gender had main effect on escape dimension of mobile phone addiction,while grade had main effect on four dimensions of escape,runaway,abstinence,and inefficiency,and gender and grade had interaction on runaway dimension.③Loneliness,depression,and mobile addiction were significantly positively correlated.④Loneliness played an intermediary role in the relationship between depression and mobile phone addiction.The mediating effect accounted for 28.7%of the total effect.Conclusion Loneliness and depression are important factors affecting young people s mobile phone addiction.Teenagers should be given more care and support and the experience of adolescent loneliness and the tendency of depression should be reduced,in order to prevent teenagers from relying on mobile phones to become addicted and endanger their physical and mental health.