电动汽车充电站充电功率动态分配策略的研究

Research on Dynamic Distribution Strategy of Charging Power in Electric Vehicle Charging Station

当前普遍应用的电动汽车充电系统对不同充电需求均采用相同的充电策略,无法满足用户个性化充电需求。针对该策略不合理性,提出一种快、慢充电双车位互补结构的充电站总体布局结构,以动态费用和用户需求充电时间为目标函数,设计新车加入充电站动态分配算法和充电站功率更新分配算法,引进激励因子参数,为用户的个性需求提供不同充电优先级,响应用户差异化充电需求。为了验证方案的有效性,采用蒙特卡洛方法模拟用户充电需求,对用户充电时间和充电费用进行仿真和分析。结果表明:相对于传统功率分配方法,该方法能满足用户充电的个性化需求,并为用户提供更经济、充电时间更短的功率分配策略,达到电网负荷削峰填谷的效果,充分体现策略的经济性、优越性。

The current widely used electric vehicle charging system adopts the same charging strategy for different charging requirements,and thus it cannot meet the user’s personalized charging demand.Aiming at the irrationality of this strategy,a general layout structure of charging station with fast and slow charging double-park complementary structure is proposed. With the dynamic cost and user demand charging time as the objective function,the new car is equipped with charging station dynamic allocation algorithm and the charging station power update allocation algorithm. In addition,it introduces the incentive factor parameters to provide different charging priorities for the user ’s individual needs,and responds to the user’s differentiated charging requirements. In order to verify the effectiveness of the scheme,the Monte Carlo method was used to simulate the user’s charging requirements,and the user’s charging time and charging cost were simulated and analyzed. The results show that compared with the traditional power allocation method,this method meets the personalized needs of user charging and provides users with a more economical,shorter charging time power allocation strategy,which achieves the effect of grid load peak clipping and valley filling.Therefore,the method fully reflects the economics and superiority of this strategy.