新型城镇化对易地扶贫搬迁农户生计恢复力影响的实证

Empirical Study on Impact of New Urbanization on Rural Households’ Livelihood Resilience under Migration and Relocation for Poverty Alleviation

文章构建了西部山区农户生计恢复力的评价指标体系,并利用陕西入户调研数据进行测算,从就业、居住、公共服务和思想意识四个维度分析新型城镇化对搬迁户生计恢复力的影响。结果显示:推进新型城镇化对提升移民生计恢复力是把双刃剑,就业城镇化、公共服务城镇化、思想意识变革对移民生计恢复力提升有显著促进作用,但居住城镇化在当前阶段的起效尚未实现政策的初衷,特别是对于靠产业园区、靠县城的集中安置方式,移民生计恢复力的提高仍需完备的配套措施作支撑。因此,“移民搬迁+新型城镇化”的双轮驱动模式在实践中还存在需要改进的地方。

This paper establishes an evaluation index system for the livelihood resilience of rural households in western mountainous areas, using Shaanxi household survey data to calculate, and then analyzes the influence of new-type urbanization on the livelihood resilience of migrated households from four dimensions of employment, residence, public service and ideology. The results show that promoting new urbanization is a double-edged sword to enhance the resilience of the migrated people's livelihood. Urbanization of employment, urbanization of public services and ideological changes have a significant effect on the promotion of livelihood resilience of migrants, but the effect of residential urbanization in the current stage has not yet achieved the original intention of the policy, especially for the centralized resettlement mode relying on industrial parks and counties towns, the improvement of migrants' livelihood resilience still needs to be supported by complete supporting measures. Therefore, there is still room for improvement in practice of the two-wheel drive mode of "new urbanization + migration relocation".