改革开放40年上海科技创新制度环境变迁研究——政策演进、总结评析与未来路向

Changes in the Environment of Shanghai’s Technological Innovation System in the Past Forty Years of Reform and Opening up——Policy Evolution,Summary and Analysis and Future Direction

科技创新制度环境是创新驱动发展的强大内生动力。本文运用“压力-状态-响应”的PSR动态模型,从科技金融制度、财政税收制度、产学研合作制度、知识产权制度、科技教育制度等方面,总结了改革开放40年以来上海科技创新制度环境建设取得的进展、变迁的主要阶段、面临的外部压力和内部动因,解构了上海科技创新制度环境变迁的政治、经济和社会动因,分析了上海科技创新制度环境在制度参数、制度结构和制度过程方面的成就及问题,并提出强化上海科技创新制度前瞻性、创新性、融合性等对策建议。

The institutional environment of scientific and technological innovation is a powerful endogenous driving force for innovation-driven development. Based on the PSR dynamic model of "pressure-state-response", this paper makes a detailed analysis from the aspects of science and technology financial system, fiscal and taxation system, industry-university?research cooperation system, intellectual property system, science and technology education system. It summarizes the progress, main stages, external pressures and internal motivations of the institutional environment construction of Shanghai's scientific and technological innovation since the reform and opening-up, and deconstructs the political, economic and social motivations of the institutional environment change of Shanghai's scientific and technological innovation. The achievements and problems of the system environment of Shanghai's scientific and technological innovation in terms of system parameters, system structure and system process are summarized and analyzed. The countermeasures and suggestions on the forward-looking, strengthening the innovation of Shanghai's scientific and technological innovation system, and improving the integration of Shanghai's scientific and technological innovation system are put forward.