文化福利的基层样态:农民弱参与及其治理图景

Cultural Welfare at Grassroots Level: Peasants’ Weak Participation and Governance Prospect

有效的农民参与是实现乡风文明的重要保障。本文采用质性研究法,通过对农村基层公共文化服务概况的分析,探讨了农民弱参与公共文化服务的外在表征、形塑机制及其治理图景。研究表明,农民更青睐于本土化的文化内容,而对国家提供的自上而下的标准化福利遵从弱参与策略。弱参与表现为参与主体老龄化、内容私性化、领域单一化、时间集中化、方式出场化,类型包括偶遇型参与、依附型参与、义务型参与和服务型参与;且农民在其中担任文化群演者、舆论引导者、情感治愈者和文化旁观者等不同文化角色。未来治理图景则要重点发挥服务型参与群体的情感治愈功效,重视舆论引导的正外部性,转变广大民众的群演和旁观者角色。

Peasants' effective participation is an important guarantee to realize local civilization.The general situation of rural public culture service is studied by qualitative method,and external feature,shaping mechanism and governance prospect of peasants' weak participation are discussed in the paper.It shows that peasants prefer the localized cultural content and follow weak participation strategy for national top-down standardization welfare.Main characteristics of weak participation include aged participation subjects,personalized content,similar domain, centralized time and peasants' appearing way.Participation types include occasional,attachment,compulsory and service participation.Peasants play varities of cultural roles as cultural actors,guide of public opinion,emotion healer and cultural onlookers.Future governance prospect should focus on emotional healing of the service participation group,attach importance to positive externality of public opinion guidance,and transform peasants' roles as cultural actors and onlookers.