临床护士灾害应对核心知识技能培训课程的构建与效果评价

Development of disaster response core knowledge and skill training course for clinical nurse

目的构建和发展适合临床护士的灾害应对核心知识技能培训课程,并评价课程效果。方法采用评价性研究,使用培训课程建构、发展和评价的方法。主要包含六个主要阶段:问题识别,需求评估,目的和目标设定,培训策略,培训实施,效果评价。结果培训后及培训6个月后学员灾害应对能力总分、灾害应对知识得分均高于培训前,前后具有显著性差异(P<0.05)。技能考核均合格。结论发展灾害应对核心知识技能培训课程符合灾害护理发展的要求及临床护士专业的需求,系统的、有针对性的内容设置有助于提高临床护士灾害应对能力,使其当灾害发生时能充分发挥作用。

Objectives To develop the disaster response core knowledge and skill training course for clinical nurse and to evaluate the effectiveness of the course. Methods Based on M. E. Mullins1 six-step approach curriculum development for medical education (problem identification, needs assessment, provision of goals and objectives, designing of educational strategies, implementation, and evaluation) a disaster response core knowledge and skill training course for clinical nurses was developed by the Department of Nursing, West- China Hospital, to train 46 nurses selected from different hospitals in China, 20 males and 26 females, aged(32.83±6.173)(20-55), 73.3% being bachelor degree, 43.5% with junior professional title, and 47.8% with intermediate title, 26.1% with experience of disaster relief, and 32.6% having received relevant training. The training course was in the Laboratory of Disaster Nursing, Institute of Post-Disaster Reconstruction and Management, Sichuan University for 3days. Result The general disaster response capacity score, and scores of knowledge, attitude, self-efficacy, and behavioral desire were evaluated before training, immediately after training,' and 6 months after training by questionnaire survey. The evaluation survey showed that the general disaster response capacity score, and scores of knowledge immediately after training were both significantly higher than those before training (both P<0.05), however, the general disaster response capacity score, and scores of knowledge 6 month later were both lower than those immediately after training, but still significantly higher than those before training (both P< 0.05).The investigation of the trainees' feedback showed that they liked and needed such training. Conclusion The results indicated that planned and systematic disaster response training improves the development of disaster nursing.