古典政治经济学与自然法传统

Classical Political Economy and Natural Law Tradition

现代经济学由兴起于17、18世纪的古典政治经济学发展而来,但古典政治经济学却可以追溯到古代政治学—伦理学的传统,实际上它是从古代的道德哲学、经过中世纪和近代早期自然法传统的历史嬗变、在近代道德科学的体系中演化发展而来的。古代道德哲学是对古代社会生活体系的描述性和规范性研究,而近代自然法传统则深入到对社会生活建筑于其上的基本人性法则及其相应社会权利的研究,它在研究方法上是分析性和建构性的。正是在对权利的深入研究中,作为近代道德科学体系一个分支的古典政治经济学才产生出来,它在性质上首先不是"经济的",而是"政治的",它在最初拥有社会的整全视野。

Modern economics isdeveloped from the classical political economy that emerged in the17 th and 18 th centuries.However,classical political economy can be traced back to the ancient politics-ethics tradition.In fact,it is evolved and developed from the ancient moral philosophy,through the historical evolution of the natural law traditions of the Middle Ages and early modern times,and the system of modern moral science.The ancient moral philosophy is a descriptive and normative study of the ancient social life system.In contrast,the modern natural law tradition goes deep into the study of the basic law of human nature and its corresponding social rights on which social life is built.Its methodology is analytical and constructive.It is in the in-depth study of rights that classical political economics,which is a branch of the modern moral science system,emerged.It is not "economic"but "political"in nature.It originally owned the complete viewpoint of thesociety.