主动脉弓三切面对于胎儿主动脉缩窄的超声诊断价值

Diagnostic value of three sections of aortic arch under ultrasonography in fetal aortic coarctation

目的探讨主动脉弓三切面(三血管气管切面、主动脉弓长轴切面和主动脉弓冠状切面)对于胎儿主动脉缩窄的超声诊断价值,并分析漏诊和误诊的原因。方法选取2013年6月至2018年6月在郑州大学第三附属医院行产前超声检查并出生后最终手术证实的52例主动脉缩窄病例,进行回顾性分析,并总结产前超声声像图特点。结果52例主动脉缩窄胎儿中,三血管气管切面显示满意率为100%,主动脉弓长轴切面显示满意率为88.5%,主动脉弓冠状切面显示满意率最低,为76.9%。52例中,漏诊9例,误诊3例,均为产前未获得满意的主动脉弓三切面。52例中,主动脉缩窄胎儿的三血管气管切面均显示肺动脉与主动脉比值增大,是超声诊断胎儿主动脉缩窄的重要线索;40例主动脉弓冠状切面满意显示,均显示主动脉弓峡部缩窄,与降主动脉连接。46例主动脉弓长轴切面满意显示中,38例主动脉弓峡部细窄,内径为(1.8±0.2)mm,范围为0.9~2.9mm。结论主动脉弓三切面的联合应用对于产前诊断主动脉缩窄具有重要价值。

Objective To investigate the diagnostic value of three sections of aortic arch under ultrasonography, including the three vessels and tracheal view (3VT), long-axis and coronal view of the aortic arch, in fetal coarctation of the aorta (CoA) and the reasons for missed diagnosis and misdiagnosis. Methods This study involved 52 fetuses with CoA who were identified by prenatal ultrasonography and confirmed in postnatal operation in the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from June 2013 to June 2018. Echocardiographic findings of all cases were analyzed retrospectively to summarize the prenatal imaging features. Results The 3VT was displayed in all cases (100%). The long-axis view of the aortic arch was observed in 88.5%, while the coronal view was observed in 76.9%. Among the 52 cases, nine were missed diagnosis and three were misdiagnosed due to unsatisfactory views of the three sections of aortic arch. All cases showed an increased ratio of the pulmonary artery to the aorta diameter in 3VT, which was a critical indicator of CoA in prenatal ultrasonographic diagnosis. Satisfactory aortic arch coronal views were obtained in 40 cases and all showed constriction at the isthmus of aortic arch and an connection to the descending aorta. Out of the 46 with a satisfactory long-axis view of the aortic arch, a narrow isthmus of aortic arch was shown in 38 cases, with the inner diameter of (1.8±0.2) mm ranging from 0.9 to 2.9 mm. Conclusions Observation of three sections of aortic arch under ultrasonography is of great importance in prenatal diagnosis of CoA.