ICU机械通气患者早期运动过程中体验的质性研究

A qualitative study on the experience of Intensive Care Unit mechanical ventilation patients during early ambulation

目的探讨ICU机械通气患者在早期运动过程中的感受,从患者的角度探索早期运动的过程。方法应用质性研究中的访谈法,对2017年1月—2018年12月在济宁医学院附属医院综合ICU建立人工气道行机械通气进行早期运动康复的15例意识清楚患者进行深入访谈,采用Colaizzi的现象学资料7步分析法,对获得的资料进行分析、整理,提出主题。结果共总结出6个主题:患者担心早期运动会带来高风险、早期运动会给患者带来不适、患者对早期运动的重要性及其带来的益处缺乏正确的认识、患者会因无法接受运动方式而导致运动提前终止、患者希望获得医护人员的鼓励、患者期待社会支持和经济援助。结论早期运动不是一种单独的体验,而是与ICU机械通气的体验交织在一起的,在早期运动的过程中,患者渴望得到更加专业、安全、全面的照护。

Objective To explore the experience of patients with mechanical ventilation in Intensive Care Unit (ICU) during early ambulation, and explore the process of early ambulation from the perspectives of patients. Methods Applying the interview method in qualitative research, in-depth interviews were conducted for 15 conscious patients with artificial airway for mechanical ventilation in ICU of Affiliated Hospital of Ji'ning Medical University from January of 2017 to December of 2018. Colaizzi's 7-step phenomenological data analysis method was used to analyze and sort out the data obtained and get the theme. Results Six themes were summarized: patients worried about the high risk of early ambulation, discomfort caused by early ambulation, lack of correct understanding on the importance of early ambulation and its benefits, early termination of ambulation caused by unacceptable ambulation way, patients hope to be encouraged by medical staff, patients look forward to social support and economic assistance. Conclusions Early ambulation is not a separate experience, but interwoven with the experience of mechanical ventilation in ICU. In the process of early ambulation, patients are eager to get more professional, safe and comprehensive care.