海水折射率与温度、盐度关系的实验研究

Relationship Between the Refractive Index of Seawater and Salinity, Temperature

海水折射率作为海-气交界面光学性质的一个重要指标,对研究海洋光学、海洋动力学及海气相互作用有重要意义。根据掠面入射法原理,利用阿贝折射仪和超级恒温槽测量不同温度和盐度下的海水折射率,并利用Origin软件对实验数据进行数值分析和模拟。结果表明,在盐度恒定时,海水折射率与温度均呈负线性关系,其随温度每升高1℃而降低2×10^-4;在温度恒定时,模拟海水折射率与盐度呈正线性关系,其随盐度每增加1‰而增大2×10^-4;同时,还分别给出了海水折射率随温度、盐度变化的近似表达式。

Seawater refractive index is one of the important index of optical properties on the air-sea interface. It has important significance for the study of ocean optics, ocean dynamics and air-sea interaction. We made a measurement of the refractive index of seawater under different temperature and different salinity by super constant temperature trough and Abbe refractometer, which based on the method of Abbemat refratometer. With the Origin software, we analyzed and simulated the data obtained respectively, it is found that the refractive index of seawater has a negative linear relation with the temperature at constant salinity. As the temperature increases, the refractive index decreases 2×10^-4 per 1℃. Simulated seawater has a positive linear relationship to salinity at constant temperature. As the salinity increases, the refractive index increases 2×10^-4 per 1‰. The approximate expression of the refractive index with temperature and salinity is given in this paper.