永定客家土楼楹联的特点、分类与蒙学价值

The characteristics, classification and enlightenment values of couplets on Hakka Tulous in Yongding

永定客家土楼是夯土建筑的经典之作,而土楼楹联则是客家人文精神之精华。土楼楹联引经据典,内容丰富,在一定程度上反映出楼主的身份特征、处世哲学与思想根基,蕴含宣传儒家思想,弘扬客家精神,规劝子孙遵循家训,传播民主、自由等思想的美好愿望。土楼楹联是客家先祖思想与智慧的结晶,集教化、观赏、审美于一体,蕴含深刻的思想内涵、深厚的文化底蕴和丰富的蒙学教育价值。

Hakka Tulous are a masterpiece of rammed earth buildings in Yongding,and Tulou couplets represent the essence of humanistic spirit of Hakka.Tulou couplets,with extensive contents and allusions,reflect the personal identity,life philosophy and ideological foundation of the owners of Tulous to a certain extent,and contain good wishes including disseminating Confucianism,carrying forward the Hakka spirit,spreading the thought of democracy and freedom,and admonishing the descendants to follow the family maxims.As the crystallization of Hakka ancestors’thought and wisdom and a combination of education,appreciation and aesthetics,Tulou couplets contain profound ideological and cultural connotations and rich enlightenment values.