伦理文学与非伦理文学的区分及其理论意义

The Distinction between Ethical Literature and Non-ethical Literature and Its Theoretical Significance

在人类的历史上,既存在伦理文学,也存在非伦理文学,并不是中外文学史上的所有作品都具有伦理内容,都适合运用文学伦理学批评方法进行解读。虽然两者有时比较难以区分,但现有的文学理论和文学实践要求我们必须进行这样的区别。伦理文学主要产生于人类社会进入了伦理阶段之后对于人的探索和对于人与人关系的探索,非伦理文学主要产生于人类对于自然的探索和对于自我的探索。如果认为世界上所有的文学都是伦理文学,都可以运用文学伦理学批评方法进行解析,无异于睁着眼睛说瞎话,因为这不符合历史的事实。区分伦理文学和非伦理文学,对于文学批评、文学研究和文学创作本身,都具有重要的理论意义。

There are both ethical literature and non-ethical literature in the history of human beings. Although it is sometimes difficult for us to distinguish them, the existing literary theory and practice require us to make such a distinction. We can say that ethical literature mainly originates from the exploration of human beings and the relationship between human beings after human society enters the ethical stage, while non-ethical literature originates from the exploration of nature and self. Therefore, it is incorrect for us to believe that all literature in the world is ethical literature and can be analyzed by means of ethical literary criticism. The distinction between ethical literature and non-ethical literature is of great theoretical significance to literary criticism, literary study and literary creation itself.