艾滋病毒感染者/艾滋病患者心理健康状况、生活质量及综合干预的探讨

Discussion on Mental Health Status, Quality of Life and Comprehensive Intervention for People Living with HIV/AIDS

目的对艾滋病毒感染者/艾滋病患者(HIV/AIDS)通过综合干预,将对患者的心理健康和生活质量得干预情况进行分析研究。方法随机抽取该院在2015年1月—2018年1月经过该院确诊随之收治的80例HIV/AIDS患者进行研究,将其作为该次研究的研究对象,将其作为研究组,与此同时,对与患者关系密切的90名家属作为对照家属组,患者人口统计学资料与100名同村村民相匹配的村民作为对照村民组,将两组当成对照组。在得到支持的条件下,对研究组患者采用综合干预,综合干预内容包括:对患者开展健康教育、改善患者的就医环境、对患者的生活进行帮助、对患者定期进行慰问、不要使患者产生过大的心理压力等,综合干预持续3年,通过90项症状清单(SCL-90)以及世界卫生组织生存质量测定量表简表(WHO QOL-BREF)对患者在干预后的心理健康情况以及生活质量的改变情况进行评价,进行比较。结果进行干预之前,对研究组、对照组的SCL-90人际关系敏感情况、抑郁、恐怖、精神病性各项因子进行评价,评分较高,高于对照组(家属组、村民组),通过综合干预之后,研究组患者的敏感、抑郁、恐怖、精神病性的评分分别为:(1±1.4)分、(2±0.5)分、(1±0.9)分、(1±0.6)分,研究组以及对照组的评分全部得到降低,干预前与干预后的差异有统计学意义(t=2.13、2.16、1.26、2.18,P<0.05)。干预前,对研究组以及对照组的WHO QOL-BREF进行评价,发现研究组的躯体功能评分、心理功能评分、社会功能评分、生活质量评分要低于对照组,在进行综合干预之后,研究组的评分分别为:(60.7±12.4)分、(45.2±10.6)分、(40.3±10.3)分、(60.9±11.7)分,发现研究组与对照组的WHO QOL-BREF评分得到提升,研究组提升的幅度较大,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 HIV/AIDS患者通过综合干预,可以使其的心理健康情况以及生活质量得到提高,显著改善HIV/AIDS患者的生活,值得在临床上推广以及应用。

Objective To analyze the mental health and quality of life interventions of HIV/AIDS patients through com-prehensive intervention. Methods A total of 80 HIV/AIDS patients who were admitted to this hospital from January 2015 to January 2018 were enrolled in this study. The study was conducted as a research group and was used as a re-search group. At the same time, 90 families with close relationship with patients were used as control family group. The demographic data of the patients were matched with 100 villagers in the same village as the control group, and the two groups were regarded as the control group. Under the condition of support, comprehensive interventions were adopted for the patients in the study group. The comprehensive interventions included health education for patients, improve-ment of the patient's medical environment, assistance for patients' lives, regular condolences to patients, and no patient generation, large psychological stress, etc., comprehen-sive intervention lasted for 3 years, through the 90 symptom list (SCL-90) and the World Health Organization Quality of Life Measurement Scale (WHO QOLBREF) on the patient's mental health and life after the intervention The quality changes were evaluated and compared. Results Before the intervention, the SCL-90 interper-sonal relationship sensitivity, depression, terror, and psychotic factors were evaluated in the study group and the control group, and the scores were higher than those in the control group (family group and village group). After the interven-tion, the sensitivity, depression, horror, and psychotic scores of the study group were:(1±1.4)points,(2±0.5)points,(1± 0.9)points,(1±0.6)points, and the study group and the control group's scores were all reduced, and the difference be-tween the pre- and post-intervention was statistically significant(t=2.13, 2.16, 1.26, 2.18,P<0.05). Before the interven-tion, the WHO QOL-BREF of the study group and the control group were evaluated. The body function score, psycho-logical function score, social function score, and quality of life score of the study group were lower than the control group. After comprehensive intervention, the study group were (60.7±12.4)points,(45.2±10.6)points,(40.3±10.3)points,(60.9±11.7)points, and the WHO QOL-BREF scores of the study group and the control group were improved, with sig-nificant difference, statistically significant(P<0.05). Conclusion HIV/AIDS patients can improve their mental health and quality of life through comprehensive interventions, significantly improve the lives of HIV/AIDS patients, and it is wor-thy of clinical promotion and application.