农户农业不同生产环节外包风险研究——基于江苏342户农户的微观调查

Study on Rural Households Outsourcing Risk of Production Processes——Based on Micro-survey Data of 342 farmers from Jiangsu Anhui Province

文章利用江苏省342份调研数据,试图研究农户在水稻生产环节外包中面临的风险及其影响因素。在建立生产环节外包三阶段风险模型的基础上,利用因子分析法研究发现外包三阶段存在五类风险,即接包方选择风险、接洽风险、沟通合作风险、工作态度风险以及监督检查风险。从外包阶段来看,接洽阶段风险最高;从单个环节特征来看,技术密集型环节风险最高。进一步分析发现,外包中存在可供选择高质量水平的外包方较少、农户在外包过程中处于弱势地位的问题。政府应从培育外包服务主体、规范农业生产外包服务和提升农民风险承担能力等方面完善外包市场,以促进农业生产环节外包效率。

Based on 342 survey data in Jiangsu Province,this paper attempts to study the risks faced by farmers in rice production outsourcing and their influencing factors.On the basis of establishing a three-stage risk model,this paper finds that there are mainly five types of risks in the three phases of outsourcing:the risk of selecting contractor,contact risk,communication and cooperation risk,and supervision and inspection risk.From the outsourcing stage,the contact stage has the highest risk.In addition,from the point of view of single link characteristics,technology-intensive link has the highest risk.With further analysis of outsourcing risks,we find that there are fewer outsourcers with high quality and farmers are in a disadvantaged position in the outsourcing process.The government should improve the outsourcing market from the aspects of cultivating the main body of outsourcing services,standardizing agricultural production outsourcing services and enhancing farmers’risk-taking ability,so as to promote the efficiency of agricultural production outsourcing.