载人潜水器舱室空间舒适性复合评估方法

Compound evaluation method for the space comfort of manned submersible

为改善载人潜水器舱室空间舒适性,针对深海载人潜水器强约束条件下舱室空间舒适性特征,提出基于虚拟仿真技术的舱室可视化空间舒适性多源复合评估方法.该方法以虚拟仿真技术为基础,将载人潜水器舱室空间三维数字化数据与潜航员人体数据相结合,构建数字化虚拟仿真模型;以快速相应与评估为标准,将人体舒适性进行分区,并对载人潜水器空间与功能特征进行系统的分析,依托人体生理学特征获取人体舒适性区域特征及空间约束映射,建立7项评估指标;结合6项人因评估工具构建舒适性多源复合评估模型,采用虚拟仿真技术开发空间舒适性可视化评估系统,并通过某型载人潜水器舱室空间优化设计,对舒适性多源复合评估方法和可视化评估原型系统进行可行性验证.研究表明,不同的任务作业姿态严重影响人体舒适性评估的准确性,狭小的舱室空间及舱内设备的布局进一步增大了作业姿态评估的难度.采用空间舒适性复合评估方法能够准确的描述多种姿态下空间舒适性程度,同时多源和可视化的技术特点在一定程度上提升了空间设计方案评估效率以及评估结果的可读性.

To improve the space comfort of manned submersible compartment, a multi-source composite evaluation method based on virtual simulation technology was proposed to evaluate the space comfort of deep-sea manned submersible compartment under strong constraints. Based on virtual simulation technology, the method combines threedimensional digital data of manned submersible compartment space with human data of submersible to construct a digital virtual simulation model. By regarding rapid correspondence and evaluation as criterion, human comfort was divided into zones, and the space and function characteristics of manned submersible were systematically analyzed. Through acquiring human comfort zone characteristics and space constraint mapping based on human physiological characteristics, seven evaluation indicators were established. Six human factors assessment tools were combined to build a multi-source composite comfort evaluation model. The visual evaluation system of space comfort was developed by virtual simulation technology, and the feasibility of the multi-source composite evaluation method and the visual evaluation prototype system was validated by optimizing the space design of a manned submersible cabin. The research shows that different task postures seriously affected the accuracy of human comfort assessment. The narrow cabin space and the layout of equipment in cabin further increased the difficulty of job posture assessment. The composite evaluation method of spatial comfort could accurately describe the degree of spatial comfort under various postures. At the same time, the technical characteristics of multi-source and visualization improved the efficiency of evaluation of spatial design schemes and the readability of evaluation results to a certain extent.