攻坚深度贫困与2020年后扶贫战略研究

Study on the Strategies of Struggling Deep Poverty and Poverty Reduction after 2020

随着2020年的临近,我国大规模的扶贫开发已经进入攻坚拔寨的关键时期,剩余贫困人口的脱贫难度越来越大,深度贫困地区是当前扶贫攻坚的工作重点。当前我国深度贫困攻坚的难点在于,自然条件恶劣带来的扶贫工作困难、深度贫困人口的精准识别困难、贫困人口的结构变化造成的工作困难、脱贫人口容易返贫的难点、边疆地区肩负安全稳定和脱贫致富双重任务的难点。针对攻坚深度贫困的难点,要推进基础设施建设、改善人居环境和公共服务、创新产业扶贫模式、加强社会参与和环境保护。2020年后扶贫开发的战略方向则要放在推进基础设施建设,筑牢脱贫基础;注重精神扶贫,加强社会参与;实现生态扶贫与绿色发展相协调,将绿色发展的理念整体注入到精准扶贫过程中,让生态环境优势通过科学的产业开发转化为生态农业、生态工业和生态旅游等具有生态经济价值的发展成果,进而带来经济的发展。

With the approaching of 2020, China′s large-scale poverty alleviation and development has entered a crucial period of tackling the difficulties. It is more and more difficult for the remaining poor to extricate themselves from poverty. Deep poverty-stricken areas are the focus of current poverty alleviation. At present, the difficulty in tackling the problem of deep poverty in China lies in the difficulty in poverty alleviation caused by poor natural conditions, the difficulty in accurately identifying the poor people in poverty, the difficulty caused by the structural changes of the poor, the difficulty in easily returning to poverty, and the difficulties in borderland areas, which bear the dual tasks of security, stability and getting rich from poverty. In order to overcome the difficulties in tackling deep poverty, we must promote infrastructure construction, improve living environment and public services, innovate the poverty alleviation model, and strengthen social participation and environmental protection. The strategic direction of poverty alleviation and development after 2020 should focus on promoting infrastructure construction, laying a solid foundation for poverty alleviation, focusing on spiritual poverty alleviation, strengthening social participation, coordinating ecological poverty alleviation and green development, and injecting the concept of green development into the precise poverty alleviation process, so that the advantages of ecological environment can be transformed into the development achievements of ecological agriculture, ecological industry and ecological tourism with ecological and economic value through scientific industrial development, thus bringing about economic development.