流域生态环境协同治理的困境与对策

Difficulties and Countermeasures of Collaborative Management of River Basin Ecological Environment

受地方保护主义、部门本位主义等因素影响,我国流域生态环境治理存在碎片化的问题,治理效率低下。流域生态系统的整体性及其生态服务功能的公共性,决定了流域治理必须从碎片化走向协同,这是实现流域可持续发展、建设流域生态文明的必由之路。为此,要构建流域内各级政府及其有关职能部门在流域生态环境治理领域跨区域协同决策、协同执法、协同司法、执法与司法相衔接等协同治理体系,构建约束和激励并举的机制,将协同理念融入流域生态环境治理制度建设的各个环节,使流域生态环境治理获得利益相关方的参与和全社会的支持。随着流域、区域协同发展的加强,流域生态环境协同治理的具体事项范围应更加广泛,相关体制机制应适时完善。

Affected by factors such as local protectionism and departmentalism, there are fragmentation problems in the management of ecological environment in China′s river basins, and the efficiency of governance is low. The integrity of the basin ecosystem and the public nature of the basin′s ecological service function determine that the basin governance must move from fragmentation to synergy. This is the only way to achieve sustainable development of the basin and build ecological civilization of the basin. To this end, it is necessary to construct a coordinated management system for cross-regional coordinated decision-making, collaborative law enforcement, collaborative justice, law enforcement and judicial integration in the watershed ecological environment governance in all levels of the government and its functional departments, and to build a mechanism for both restraint and incentives. The synergy concept is integrated into all aspects of the river basin ecological environment governance system construction, so that the river basin ecological environment governance is supported by the participation of stakeholders and the whole society. With the strengthening of the coordinated development of river basins and regions, the specific scope of the coordinated management of river basin ecological environment should be more extensive, and relevant institutional mechanisms should be timely and perfect.