目的理解的进化论转向及其意义——以博格丹的温和选择主义为例

An Evolutionism Turn in the Understanding of Purpose and Its Significance——Take Bogdan′s Moderate Selectivism as an Example

随着自然化运动的发展和"进化论转向"的出现,目的论作为一种重要的解释图式和自然化的"科学基础"又"华丽登场"了。它对目的的形式、种类、实质、发生过程、进化机理和作用做出了新的探索和规定,强调目的既是由自然选择等物质力量所塑造出来并赋予有机体的一种维持和复制自身的客观的指向性和倾向性,同时又是一种不可或缺的解释手段,可弥补常见科学的因果-功能解释之不足,离开了它,许多认知乃至生物现象就不可能获得充分圆满的解释。研究西方目的论的最新发展及成果有利于我们改变目的研究上的停滞不前的状况,实现认识的创新。

With the development of naturalization movement and the emergence of "Evolutionism Turn", teleology, as an important explanatory schema and the "scientific basis" of naturalization, has come into play again. Teleology gives forms, types, essence, function, generating processes, and developing mechanism of purpose new exploration and rules, emphasizing that purpose is not only shaped by material force(e.g. natural selection) and endowing organism with objective directivity and orientation sustaining and replicating itself, but also an indispensable means of interpretation, which can make up what the causal-function explanation of common science lacks. Without teleology, lots of cognitive and biological phenomena cannot be fully or satisfactorily explained. It will help changing the stagnant situation of research on purpose and realizing the innovation of cognition to study the latest development and achievements of the western teleology.