高铁用轴箱轴承轻接触式密封压装工艺

Pressing Assembly Process for Light Contact Seal of Axle Box Bearings for High-Speed Railway

高铁轴箱轴承密封对高铁安全运行至关重要,但在轴箱轴承生产加工中,密封的压装工艺得不到足够重视,会出现铁路车辆运行过程中轴承密封罩脱出的故障。描述了一种高铁轴箱轴承轻接触式密封结构,分析了密封压装中经常出现的问题,造成密封失效的因素有:密封橡胶、密封罩和外圈牙口的制造精度,密封罩骨架凸台与外圈牙口槽的配合,外圈牙口和密封罩凸台的倒角尖棱,压装时外圈牙口残留润滑脂,密封件压装速度和模具,密封后挡圈装配。为解决此问题,需对压装工艺进行精细化控制,首先保证密封罩和外圈牙口制造精度,并严格执行压装过程工艺,压装后仔细检查项目,以保证高铁轴箱轴承在高速运行中密封的可靠性。

The seal of axle box bearings is very important for safe operation of high-speed railway. However, the pressing assembly process for seal is not paid enough attention to during production and processing of axle box bearings and the sealing cover of the bearings is dropped during operation of railway vehicles. The structure for light contact seal of the bearings is described, and the problems during pressing assembly of seal are analyzed. The failure factors of seal are manufacturing accuracy of rubber sealing, sealing cover and outer ring spigot, fitting between frame convex platform of sealing cover and outer ring spigot groove, cuspidal edge of chamfer for outer ring spigot and convex platform of sealing cover, residual lubricating grease on outer ring spigot during pressing assembly, pressing assembly speed of seal and mould, assembly of back retaining ring of seal. In order to solve this problem, it is necessary to control pressing assembly process finely. Firstly, the manufacturing accuracy of sealing cover and outer ring spigot should be guaranteed, and the pressing assembly process should be implemented strictly. After pressing assembly, the items should be checked carefully to ensure reliability of seal of high-speed railway axle box bearings during high-speed operation.