电磁轨道炮锡合金镀层电枢制备与初步发射试验

Preparation process and launching test of armature coated with Sn alloy for electromagnetic railgun

为探索锡合金镀层对电磁轨道炮发射性能的影响,在对电枢/轨道间滑动接触电阻、降低摩擦力及提高发射性能进行理论分析基础上,确定了电刷镀制备工艺,完成了普通U形铝电枢的锡合金镀膜,在20mm?20mm方膛轨道炮上对比开展了普通U型电枢和锡合金镀层电枢的低速发射试验,并对发射后轨道沉积层进行了SEM与EDX分析。结果表明,锡合金镀层电枢较普通U型电枢的炮口速度提高约15%,发射后镀层沉积物对轨道影响有限。试验结果对低熔点合金镀层改善电磁轨道炮滑动电接触特性具有一定的参考意义。

In order to study the influence of Sn alloy coating on the launching performance of railgun, the preparation process of brush plating was determined based on the theory of sliding contact resistance between armature and rail, reduction of friction and improvement of launching performance. After the Sn alloy coating of common U-shaped Al armature was completed, the low-speed launching tests of common U-shaped armature and Sn alloy coating armature were comparatively performed on a 20 mm× 20 mm-square-bore railgun. At last, SEM and EDX analysis were carried out. Results show that the muzzle velocity of the Sn alloy coating armature is about 15 % higher than that of the common U - shaped armature, and the Sn alloy coating deposited less on the rail. The study is of certain significance for improving the sliding electrical contact characteristics of armature/rail with low-melting-point alloy coating.