尾矿库环境风险防控标准化模式探究

Study on Standardization Model of Environmental Risk Prevention and Control of Tailings Reservoir

尾矿库作为选矿及冶炼企业安全处置工业废渣的场所,因其具有高势能流场特征,成为威胁库区周边生态环境的主要环境风险源。通过分析、比较尾矿库安全生产与生态环境风险管控技术要点,提出了尾矿库环境风险标准化防控模式。结果表明,尾矿库环境风险是由安全生产风险因素直接作用形成,环境危害性、环境受体敏感性、控制机制可靠性构成了环境风险指标体系;尾矿库环境风险防控应按照风险评估与预案管理、风险排查、预警响应及档案管理标准化流程构建防控模式,有效减缓尾矿库突发环境事件造成的生态环境破坏。

Tailings reservoir,as a place for safe disposal of industrial waste residue in mineral processing and smelting enterprises,has become the main environmental risk source threatening the ecological environment around the reservoir area because of its high potential energy flow field characteristics.By analyzing and comparing the key points of safety production and ecological environmental risk management of tailings reservoir,the standardized prevention and control mode of environmental risk of tailings reservoir is put forward.The results show that the environmental risk of tailings reservoir is formed directly by the risk factors of safety in production.Environmental hazard, environmental receptor sensitivity and reliability of control mechanism constitute the index system of environmental risk.The environmental risk prevention and control of tailings reservoir should be based on the standardized process of risk assessment and plan management,risk investigation,early warning response and archives management to construct the prevention and control mode,so as to effectively alleviate the ecological environment damage caused by unexpected environmental events of tailings reservoir.