4个水果型黄瓜叶片叶绿素荧光特性的比较研究

Comparative Study on Chlorophyll Fluorescence Characteristics of Four Fruit-type Cucumber Varieties

日光温室为我国华北地区冬季蔬菜生产的主要设施类型,但越冬茬常出现低温寡照等灾害性天气,直接影响黄瓜等喜温蔬菜的生产。本文以4个水果型黄瓜(A67、F31、绿串3号、22-33)为研究对象,通过对自然条件下叶片初始荧光Fo、最大荧光Fm和可变荧光Fv等主要荧光参数进行田间活体测定,并计算PSⅡ(光系统II)的潜在活性Fv/Fo、最大光化学效率Fv/Fm及光合性能指标PI,研究品种间荧光特性差异。结果表明:4个水果型黄瓜Fv/Fm和Fv/Fo均表现为22-33>绿串3号>F31>A67,其中Fv/Fm在22-33与F31和A67之间差异显著(P<0.05),而Fv/Fo在22-33与其他3个品种差异均显著(P<0.05);PI表现为F31>22-33>A67>绿串3号,但品种间差异均不显著(P>0.05)。综合说明,22-33品种光合能力强,对秋冬茬日光温室低温寡照环境适应性强,其次是绿串3号。

Greenhouse is the main facility type of winter vegetable production in north China,but the thermophilic vegetables production is affected by the disastrous weather such as low temperature and low light.Fruit-type cucumber,as a main thermophilic vegetable,the cultivation scope is more and more widely.The experiment was conducted with 4 fruit-type cucumber varieties including A67,F31,Lvchuan3,and 22-33,the main fluorescence parameters (minimal fluorescence Fo,maximal fluorescence Fm,and variable fluorescence Fv) of living plant leaves were measured,and the potential efficiency of PSII (Fv/Fm),maximum photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fo),and photosynthetic performance index (PI) were calculated to study the fluorescence characteristics differences among the 4 varieties.The results showed that the values of Fv/Fm and Fv/Fo were both expressed as follows: 22-33>Lvchuan3>F31>A67,in which the Fv/Fm value of 22-33 had significant difference with F31 and A67 (P<0.05),while the Fv/Fo value of 22-33 had significant difference with the other 3 varieties(P<0.05).The PI value was expressed by F31>22-33>A67>Lvchuan3,but there was no significance difference among varieties(P>0.05).Comprehensively,in the 4 fruit-type cucumber varieties,22-33 had higher photosynthetic capacity to adapt the low temperature and low light of greenhouse in winter,and then was Lvchuan 3.