妊娠合并癫痫患者抗癫痫药物应用与癫痫发作程度的相关性

Correlation between antiepileptic drug use and seizure degree in pregnant patients complicated with epilepsy

目的 研究妊娠合并癫痫患者应用抗癫痫药物与癫痫发作程度的相关关系。方法 采用回顾性分析方法,将2010-01~2018-12以来收治妊娠合并癫痫的妇女为研究对象,分析妊娠期患者癫痫药物的服用情况、癫痫是否发作与发作程度以及二者之间的相关关系。结果 共纳入126例妊娠合并癫痫妇女。年龄为19-42岁,平均年龄为(29.1 ± 4.4)岁。78例(61.9%)患者孕期无癫痫发作,27例(21.4%)患者发生小发作,21例(16.7%)患者发生大发作。研究人群中,未规律服药者47例(37.3%),规律服药者79例(62.7%)。无发作组单一用药的比例为84.8%,小发作组和大发作组该比例分别为30.0%和0。小发作组和大发作组联合用药(服用2种和≥3种药物)的比例分别为70.0%和100.0%,显著高于无发作组(15.2%)。卡方分析结果显示,三组间联合用药的比例差异有统计学意义( P <0.001)。结论 联合应用抗癫痫药物与妊娠合并癫痫患者妊娠期癫痫发作有关。

Objective To study the relationship between antiepileptic drugs and seizures in pregnant patients with epilepsy. Methods A retrospective analysis was performed to analyze the associations between the use of epilepsy drugs and seizures in pregnant women from January 2010 to December 2018. Results A total of 126 women with pregnancy and epilepsy were included in the study. The age ranged from 19 to 42 years, with an average age of (29.1 ± 4.4) years. During pregnancy, 78 patients(61.9%) had no seizures, 27(21.4%) had small episodes, and 21(16.7%) had major episodes. Among the study population, 47(37.3%) took drugs irregularly and 79(62.7%) took regular medications. The proportion of single drug was 84.8%, 30.0% and 0 in the no-seizure patients, the small attack patients and the large attack patients, respectively. The proportion of the combined medication(taking 2 and≥3 drugs) for small seizures and large seizures was 70.0% and 100.0%, respectively, which was significantly higher than that of the no-seizure patients(15.2%). The chi-square analysis showed that the proportion of the combined medication between the three groups was statistically different( P <0.001). Conclusion The combined use of antiepileptic drugs is associated with seizures during pregnancy in patients with epilepsy.